[78], For the bridge in Sacramento, California, see. [63][64], On 3 August 1922, a 13-year-old boy fell off a slipway next to the south side of Tower Bridge. Über die Brücke führt die Hauptstraße A 100. [39] The bascules, weighing over 1,000 tons each, are counterbalanced to minimise the force required and allow raising in five minutes. Das Projekt befindet sich in Tower Hamlets und Southwark, London, England, Großbritannien. [40], The entire hydraulic system along with the gas lighting system was installed by William Sugg & Co Ltd. Juni 2012. [28][29] Each section was enshrouded in scaffolding and plastic sheeting to prevent the old paint falling into the Thames and causing pollution. Man kann deshalb den Fluss auch bei hochgeklappter Brücke zu Fuß überqueren – jedoch um den Preis, dass man die in den Türmen liegenden Treppen mit einem Höhenunterschied von 34 m zur Straßenbrücke benutzt. [60], A partial replica of Tower Bridge has been built in the city of Suzhou in China. Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London, built between 1886 and 1894. In the towers and walkways is an exhibition on the history of the bridge. The central span was split into two equal bascules or leaves, which could be raised to allow river traffic to pass. [58], Tower Bridge is often mistaken for the next bridge upstream, London Bridge. It uses films, photos and interactive displays to explain why and how Tower Bridge was built. A traditional fixed bridge at street level could not be built because it would cut off access by sailing ships to the port facilities in the Pool of London, between London Bridge and the Tower of London. [8], Some of the control mechanism for the signalling equipment has been preserved and is housed in the bridge's museum. Von 1942 bis zum Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs stand im Maschinenhaus eine dritte hydraulische Maschine von Vickers mit einer Leistung von 150 PS. Von den Fußgängerstegen hat man einen atemberaubenden Blick auf die Themse. Sie wäre zum Einsatz gekommen, hätte eine Fliegerbombe die beiden anderen Maschinen beschädigt. [56], Benjamin Crisler, the New York Times film critic, wrote in 1938: "Three unique and valuable institutions the British have that we in America have not: Magna Carta, the Tower Bridge and Alfred Hitchcock. [41], The original raising mechanism was powered by pressurised water stored in several hydraulic accumulators. Gunter was given £10 (equivalent to £290 in 2019[12]) by the City Corporation to honour his act of bravery. [61] The Suzhou replica was renovated in 2019, giving it a new look that differs from the original London design. From the south tower, visitors can visit the engine rooms, with the original steam engines, which are situated in a separate building beside the southern approach to the bridge. The Tower Bridge Exhibition is a display housed in the bridge's twin towers, the high-level walkways and the Victorian engine rooms. Sie wurde 1894 eröffnet und verbindet den Stadtbezirk Tower Hamlets auf der Nordseite mit dem Stadtteil Southwark im Stadtbezirk London Borough of Southwark auf der Südseite. Um die riesige Konstruktion zu stützen, mussten zwei gewaltige Pfeiler mit einem Gewicht von 70.000 Tonnen im Flussbett versenkt werden. [5][13] An Act of parliament stipulated that a tug boat should be on station to assist vessels in danger when crossing the bridge, a requirement that remained in place until the 1960s. Am Nordufer befinden sich der Tower of London [5][8], One of the chimneys on the bridge, which can be mistaken for a lamp post, connects up to an old fireplace in a guardroom of the Tower of London. Tower Bridge ist ein(e) Klappbrücke / Wippbrücke, Straßenbrücke und Stahlbrücke, erbaut von 1886 bis 1894. Induction loops and piezoelectric sensors are used to measure the weight, the height of the chassis above ground level, and the number of axles of each vehicle.[51]. [50], To maintain the integrity of the structure, the City of London Corporation has imposed a 20-mile-per-hour (32 km/h) speed restriction, and an 18-tonne (20-short-ton) weight limit on vehicles using the bridge. Visitors can access the original steam engines that once powered the bridge bascules, housed in a building close to the south end of the bridge. [68][69], In the summer of 1973, a single-engined Beagle Pup was twice flown under the pedestrian walkway of Tower Bridge by 29-year-old stockbroker's clerk Peter Martin. Die beiden beweglichen Tragwerkteile (Baskülen) können bis zu einem Winkel von 86 Grad hochgeklappt werden, um großen Schiffen die Durchfahrt zu ermöglichen. Erreicht werden kann die Tower Bridge dabei über die Hauptstraße A 100, die die Stadtteile Southwark und Borough of Southwark miteinander verbindet. The latter still house the original steam engines and some of the original hydraulic machinery. April 1968 nutzte Flight Lieutenant Alan Pollock auf einem Routineflug zum Militärflugplatz West Raynham in Norfolk die Gelegenheit zu einer eigenmächtigen Demonstration über London: Mit seiner Hawker Hunter FGA. Within the walkways a versatile new lighting system has been installed, designed by Eleni Shiarlis, for when the walkways are in use for exhibitions or functions. Jahrhunderts. Der Tower of London. [5], Two massive piers, containing over 70,000 long tons (78,400 short tons; 71,123 t) of concrete, were sunk into the riverbed to support the construction. [65], In December 1952, the bridge opened while a number 78 double-decker bus was crossing from the south bank. The accumulators each comprise a 20-inch (51 cm) ram on which sits a very heavy weight to maintain the desired pressure. The bridge opening split the motorcade in two, much to the consternation of security staff. Der Tower of London ist eine historische Festung am Ufer der Themse im Zentrum der Stadt, nur wenige Meter von der Tower Bridge entfernt. [42] The system was designed and installed by Hamilton Owen Rendel while working for Armstrong, Mitchell and Company of Newcastle upon Tyne. "[57], Architectural historian Dan Cruickshank selected Tower Bridge as one of his four choices for the 2002 BBC television documentary series Britain's Best Buildings. [62], On 10 August 1912 Francis McClean flew between the bascules and the high-level walkways in his Short Brothers S.33 floatplane. The engine became redundant when the rest of the system was modernised in 1974, and was donated to the Forncett Industrial Steam Museum by the Corporation of the City of London. "[73], On 19 August 1999, Jef Smith, a Freeman of the City of London, drove a flock of two sheep across the bridge. Horace Jones starb 1887, und die Verantwortung ging an seinen Oberingenieur John Wolfe-Barry über. [43][page needed][44] Water at a pressure of 750 psi (5.2 MPa), was pumped into the accumulators by a pair of stationary steam engines. The vertical components of the forces in the suspended sections and the vertical reactions of the two walkways are carried by the two robust towers. The bascule pivots and operating machinery are housed in the base of each tower. [11] Stevenson replaced Jones's original brick façade with the more ornate Victorian Gothic style, which makes the bridge a distinctive landmark, and was intended to harmonise the bridge with the nearby Tower of London. [40], The two side-spans are suspension bridges, each 270 feet (82 m) long, with the suspension rods anchored both at the abutments and through rods contained within the bridge's upper walkways. [15][16] The walkway reopened in 1982 as part of the Tower Bridge Exhibition. If a black ball was suspended from the middle of each walkway (or a red light at night) this indicated that the bridge could not be opened. Construction had to be in a Gothic style. Martin, who was on bail following accusations of stockmarket fraud, then "buzzed" buildings in the city before flying north towards the Lake District, where he died when his aircraft crashed some two hours later. The replica differs from the original in having no lifting mechanism and four separate towers. Opened in 1870, Tower Subway was among the world's earliest underground ("tube") railways, but it closed after just three months and was re-opened as a pedestrian foot tunnel. Once Tower Bridge was open, the majority of foot traffic transferred to using the bridge, there is no toll to pay to use it. Bartlett, and Sir William Arrol & Co.[7] – and employed 432 construction workers. The new system provides for both feature and atmospheric lighting, the latter using bespoke RGB LED luminaires, designed to be concealed within the bridge superstructure and fixed without the need for drilling (these requirements as a result of the bridge's Grade I status). 1974 wurde das hydraulische System von Wasser- auf Ölhydraulik umgestellt, die mit elektrisch angetriebenen Pumpen arbeitet; das alte Maschinenhaus mit den außer Betrieb genommenen Dampfmaschinen kann weiterhin besichtigt werden. [75] Fearing for his safety, and that of motorists should he fall, police cordoned off the area, closing the bridge and surrounding roads and causing widespread traffic congestion across the City and east London. The walkways also provide views over the city, the Tower of London and the Pool of London, and include a glass-floored section. The bus was near the edge of the south bascule when it started to rise; driver Albert Gunter made a split-second decision to accelerate, clearing a 3-foot (0.91 m) gap to drop 6 feet (1.8 m) onto the north bascule, which had not yet started to rise. [13], The bridge connected Iron Gate, on the north bank of the river, with Horselydown, Lane, on the south – now known as Tower Bridge Approach and Tower Bridge Road, respectively. Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London, built between 1886 and 1894.The bridge crosses the River Thames close to the Tower of London and has become a world-famous symbol of London. [48], Tower Bridge is still a busy crossing of the Thames, used by more than 40,000 people (motorists, cyclists and pedestrians) every day. "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", "Tower Bridge: fascinating facts and figures", "Vertigo calling: Walkways at London's Tower Bridge outfitted with glass floors", "Tower Bridge (that part that lies within the Borough of Southwark) (1385980)", "Tower Bridge (that part that lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets (1357515)", "Tower Bridge restored to true colours | Tower Bridge", "Finishing touches to Tower Bridge | Tower Bridge", "Tower Bridge is London's Latest Venue – Classic FM Music News and Features", "London 2012: let the Paralympics preparations begin", "Tower Bridge closes until December for maintenance work", "11 Secret Features of Famous London Landmarks", "History William Sugg & Co Westminster gas lighting cooking heating appliance manufacturer", "Transport for London cracks down on damage to Tower Bridge", "How London Bridge was sold to the States (From This Is Local London)", "From Tower Bridge to Sydney Harbour, welcome to China's city of clones", "Renovations of Tower Bridge in Suzhou nears completion", "Gives Suicide Plan To Crash Plane into Tower of London, Dies in Crash 240 Miles Away", "Protest Freeman herds sheep over Tower Bridge", Old Operating Theatre Museum and Herb Garret, Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tower_Bridge&oldid=987758449, Grade I listed buildings in the London Borough of Southwark, Grade I listed buildings in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Museums in the London Borough of Southwark, Museums in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Transport in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Transport in the London Borough of Southwark, Tourist attractions in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Pages using infobox bridge with empty coordinates parameter, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from February 2020, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 November 2020, at 02:02. Über die Brücke führt die Hauptstraße A 100. Starting in mid-2008, contractors worked on a quarter of the bridge at a time to minimise disruption, but some road closures were inevitable. Der Tower of London ist eine der bekanntesten Festungen der Welt und ist seit 1988 Teil des UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe. Diese diente, nach einer kurzen Betriebsphase als U-Bahn-Röhre, dann aber lediglich als Tunnel für Fußgänger. At night, coloured lights were used, in either direction, on both piers: two red lights to show that the bridge was closed, and two green to show that it was open. [5][6] An Act of Parliament was passed in 1885 authorising the bridge's construction. 31° 22′ 24″ N, 120° 36′ 42″ O31.373458120.611643 Er steht 9145 km entfernt von seinem Vorbild und hat keinen Hebemechanismus, dafür vier Türme, die für Gehwege geöffnet sind. 1982 wurden die Fußgängerbrücken wieder für die Öffentlichkeit freigegeben; sie dienen heute als Museum und Aussichtspunkt. Die Fußgängerstege hoch über dem Wasser beherbergen ein Brückenmuseum, in dem in Bildern und Modellen Bau und Geschichte der Brücke dargestellt werden. 9 (XF442) umrundete er dreimal das britische Parlamentsgebäude, grüßte mit dem typischen „Flügelwippen“ über dem Royal Air Force Memorial und durchflog die Londoner Tower Bridge zwischen den oberen Fußgänger- und den unteren klappbaren Fahrbahnstegen. [27] The bridge is on the London Inner Ring Road, and is on the eastern boundary of the London congestion charge zone (drivers do not incur the charge by crossing the bridge). [15][17], During the Second World War and as a precaution against the existing engines being damaged by enemy action, a third engine was installed in 1942: a 150 hp horizontal cross-compound engine, built by Vickers Armstrong Ltd. at their Elswick works in Newcastle upon Tyne. Foggy weather required repeated blasts from the ship's steam whistle. Die Tower Bridge ist eine im neugotischen Stil errichtete Klappbrücke und die östlichste Themsebrücke in London. [20] In 1974, the original operating mechanism was largely replaced by a new electro-hydraulic drive system, designed by BHA Cromwell House, with the original final pinions driven by modern hydraulic motors. Die Tower Bridge Sicherlich ist sie die berühmteste Klappbrücke der Welt: Die Tower Bridgeüber die Themse. [2] This was denied by McCulloch himself and has been debunked by Ivan Luckin, the vendor of the bridge. [31] The renovation of the four suspension chains was completed in March 2010 using a state-of-the-art coating system requiring up to six different layers of "paint". Deshalb wurde 1870 unter dem Fluss eine Röhre, die Tower Subway, gebaut. The bascules are raised about a thousand times a year. In the second half of the 19th century, increased commercial development in the East End of London led to demands for a new river crossing downstream of London Bridge. Am Nordufer befinden sich der Tower of London und die St Katharine Docks, am Südufer die City Hall. It specified the opening span must give a clear width of 200 feet (61 m) and a headroom of 135 feet (41 m). As a result, it is sometimes confused with London Bridge, about half a mile (0.8 km) upstream.Tower Bridge is one of five London bridges owned and maintained by the Bridge House … Das Öffnen und Schließen der Baskülen erfolgt durch ein – ursprünglich auf Wasserdruck basierendes – hydraulisches System. [59] A popular urban legend is that in 1968, Robert P. McCulloch, the purchaser of the old London Bridge that was later shipped to Lake Havasu City in Arizona, believed that he was in fact buying Tower Bridge. The nearest London Underground tube stations are Tower Hill on the Circle and District lines, London Bridge on the Jubilee and Northern lines and Bermondsey on the Jubilee line, and the nearest Docklands Light Railway station is Tower Gateway. [37], The bridge is 800 feet (240 m) in length with two towers each 213 feet (65 m) high, built on piers. As a result, it is sometimes confused with London Bridge, about half a mile (0.8 km) upstream. Juni 1886; fünf Bauunternehmen und 432 Arbeiter waren mit dem Bau der Brücke beschäftigt. Tower Bridge is one of five London bridges owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates, a charitable trust overseen by the City of London Corporation. [10], Jones died in 1887 and George D. Stevenson took over the project. During this, the bridge was still open to water-borne traffic. September 2019 um 18:07 Uhr bearbeitet. [8] Until the bridge was opened, the Tower Subway – 400 m to the west – was the shortest way to cross the river from Tower Hill to Tooley Street in Southwark. 30 classical musicians were arranged along the length of the bridge 138 feet (42 m) above the Thames behind the Olympic rings. Es veranstaltete einen öffentlichen Wettbewerb. The bridge deck is freely accessible to both vehicles and pedestrians, whereas the bridge's twin towers, high-level walkways and Victorian engine rooms form part of the Tower Bridge Exhibition, for which an admission charge is made. Die Brücke bildet einen Teil der inneren Ringstraße Londons und wird täglich von rund 40.000 Fahrzeugen befahren. Wer nach einer erfreulichen Besichtigung der London Bridge Lust auf Gänsehaut, Geister und Nervenkitzel hat, bucht die London Sightseeing-Tour, die auf den Spuren Jack the Rippers am Londoner East wandelt und die Besucher an einige dunkle Orte führt, an denen man froh ist, zu den dunklen Zeiten, die ausführli…

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