The square is a centre of annual celebrations on New Year's Eve. [16], London bus routes 3, 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 23, 24, 29, 53, 87, 88, 91, 139, 159, 176, 453 are only some among the bus routes that pass through Trafalgar Square. A popular activity was to feed them but this made them even more of a pest. Son nom commémore la bataille de Trafalgar qui opposa les flottes franco-espagnole et britannique en 1805[1]. [113] There is a life scale replica of the square in Bahria Town, Lahore, Pakistan where it is a tourist attraction and centre for local residents. In July 1840, when its foundations had been laid, he told a parliamentary select committee that "it would in my opinion be desirable that the area should be wholly free from all insulated objects of art". Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Oui, la visite de Trafalgar Square doit faire partie de votre programme. Ce local, qui existe toujours, sert aujourd'hui de remise aux employés de la voirie. [103], A Lego architecture set based on Trafalgar Square was released in 2019. The National Gallery was built on the north side between 1832 and 1838 to a design by William Wilkins,[24] and in 1837 the Treasury approved Wilkins' plan for the laying out of the square, but it was not put into effect. C'est en 1842 qu'est élevée la colonne de Nelson. Elle prend ce nom en 1830[2]. [63][64] A stall seller, Bernie Rayner, infamously sold bird seed to tourists at inflated prices. [78], In December 2009, participants from the Camp for Climate Action occupied the square for the two weeks during which the UN Conference on Climate Change took place in Copenhagen. [29] Wilkins had proposed a similar solution with a central flight of steps. [42][43], Barry's scheme provided two plinths for sculptures on the north side of the square. [1] The site of the present square formerly contained the elaborately designed, enclosed courtyard, King's Mews. It is in the red set alongside the Strand and Fleet Street. … Nelson's (Säule) Column is 56 m high and on top you can see the statue of Admiral Nelson, who died in the battle.. Nelson’s Column in Trafalgar Square… [83] In November 2015 a vigil against the terrorist attacks in Paris was held. [93] In 2007, it hosted the opening ceremonies of the Tour de France[94] and was part of the course for subsequent races. Aller à Londres et ne pas voir Trafalgar Square, c’est le sentiment d’avoir oublié quelque chose ! Crowds sang the French national anthem, La Marseillaise, and held banners in support of the city and country. [38] Landseer, the sculptor, had asked for a lion that had died at the London Zoo to be brought to his studio. Those of Lord Jellicoe (by Sir Charles Wheeler) and Lord Beatty (by William MacMillan) were installed in 1948 in conjunction with the square's fountains, which also commemorate them. They also employed a hawk to keep them away. Since 2014, New Year celebrations have been organised by the Greater London Authority in conjunction with the charity Unicef, who began ticketing the event to control crowd numbers. It contains models of the National Gallery and Nelson's Column alongside miniature lions, fountains and double-decker buses. Trafalgar Square was designed by Sir Charles Barry as a ceremonial and cultural space. Nelson's contribution was remembered with Nelson’s Column, a key feature of the square. Trafalgar Square was designed by Sir Charles Barry. [24] The plans included the demolition and redevelopment of buildings between St Martin's Lane and the Strand and the construction of a road (now called Duncannon Street) across the churchyard of St Martin-in-the-Fields. [45], In the 21st century, the empty plinth in the north-west corner of the square, the "Fourth Plinth", has been used to show specially commissioned temporary artworks. Important roads go from the square: Whitehall goes to Parliament, the Mall goes to Buckingham Palace, and … (Sir Charles Barry was also responsible for the Houses of Parliament. ) [67] In September 2007 Westminster City Council passed further bylaws banning feeding birds on the pedestrianised North Terrace and other pavements in the area. [32], Trafalgar Square was opened to the public on 1 May 1844. [70] A Norway spruce (or sometimes a fir) is presented by Norway's capital city, Oslo as London's Christmas tree, a token of gratitude for Britain's support during World War II. [24] Nash died soon after construction started, impeding its progress. In 1987, protesters chained themselves to the tree. A Christmas tree has been donated to the square by Norway since 1947 and is erected for twelve days before and after Christmas Day. It was constructed in the 1840s. The square is named after the Battle of Trafalgar, a British naval victory in the Napoleonic Wars with France and Spain that took place on 21 October 1805 off the coast of Cape Trafalgar, southwest Spain, although it was not named as such until 1835. [110], A Trafalgar Square in Stepney is recorded in Lockie's Topography of London, published in 1810. [9], London Underground's Charing Cross station on the Northern and Bakerloo lines has an exit in the square. Le lieu est bien connu pour être un espace social et de liberté d'expression1. [95], The Sea Cadets hold a yearly Battle of Trafalgar victory parade running the north of Whitehall, from Horse Guard's Parade to Nelson's Column. The name "Royal Mews" comes from the practice of keeping hawks here for moulting; "mew" is an old word for this. [43] More recently, there have been anti-war demonstrations opposing the Afghanistan War and the Iraq War. The First Commissioner of Woods and Forests welcomed the plan because the fountains reduced the open space available for public gatherings and reduced the risk of riotous assembly. L'aménagement de la place, conçu par l'architecte John Nash, commence dans les années 1820[3] à l'emplacement des anciennes écuries royales. [49], On the south side of Trafalgar Square, on the site of the original Charing Cross, is a bronze equestrian statue of Charles I by Hubert Le Sueur. The square was to be named for William IV commemorating his ascent to the throne in 1830. [40], The square has been Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens since 1996. [70] (Besides war-time support, Norway's Prince Olav and the country's government lived in exile in London throughout the war. [43] The great Chartist rally in 1848, a campaign for social reform by the working class began in the square. [41], A major 18-month redevelopment of the square led by W.S. [59], The square was once famous for feral pigeons and feeding them was a popular activity. [25] The Charing Cross Act was passed in 1826 and clearance started soon after. [105], Several scenes in the dystopian future of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty Four take place in Trafalgar Square, which was renamed "Victory Square" by the story's totalitarian regime and dominated by the giant statue of Big Brother which replaced Nelson. Trafalgar Square is in the heart of London. [30] The square was originally surfaced with tarmacadam, which was replaced with stone in the 1920s. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 21 novembre 2020 à 19:57. [9] Originally having roadways on all four sides, traffic travelled in both directions around the square until a one-way clockwise gyratory system was introduced on 26 April 1926. [43] A ban on political rallies remained in effect until the 1880s, when the emerging Labour movement, particularly the Social Democratic Federation, began holding protests. His plans left open the whole area of what became Trafalgar Square, except for a block in the centre, which he reserved for a new building for the Royal Academy.

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